官网下载：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

Product Version: 5.7.44

Operating System: Linux - Generic

OS Version: Linux - Generic (glibc 2.12) (x86, 64-bit)

下载依赖libaio

方式1：

sudo apt install libaio1

方式2：

https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/22.04/ubuntu-main-amd64/libaio1_0.3.112-13build1_amd64.deb.html

sudo tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
sudo mv mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 ./mysql
sudo ln -s /opt/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/
sudo mkdir -p /opt/mysql/{data,log}
sudo groupadd mysql
sudo useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql/

创建配置文件

sudo vim /etc/my.cnf

配置内容

[mysqld]
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
port = 3306
user = root
basedir = /opt/mysql
datadir = /opt/mysql/data
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
log-error = /opt/mysql/log/mysql.err
pid-file = /opt/mysql/data/mysql.pid
character_set_server = utf8mb4
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

修改配置文件权限

sudo chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf

初始化数据库

sudo /opt/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/opt/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/ --user=mysql --initialize

启动mysql

sudo cp /opt/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.service
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql.service
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start mysql

查看初始密码

sudo cat /opt/mysql/log/mysql.err

登录mysql

sudo mysql -u root -p

修改密码

set password = password('root');

允许远程登录

update user set host='%' where user = 'root';